Bava Batra 111

ברשות אחת חייב בשתי רשויות פטור

[takes the two half-figs] in one state of unawareness into the same public place, he is penalised, but if into two different public places, he is not penalised.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because here too the two actions are not combined. ');">¹</span>

ואמר רבה והוא שיש חיוב חטאת ביניהם אבל כרמלית לא אביי אמר אפילו כרמלית אבל פיסלא לא רבא אמר אפילו פיסלא

This too, said Rabbah, is only the case if there is between the two public places a place the carrying into which [from either of them would] render him liable to a sin offering,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., a private place, this being regarded as an effective division. ');">²</span>

ואזדא רבא לטעמיה דאמר רבא רשות שבת כרשות גיטין דמי

but not if there is only a <i>karmelith</i><span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As for instance, an unfenced plain, which is not an effective division. For the meaning of karmelith, v. Glos. ');">³</span>

אין שם לא מצר ולא חצב מאי פירש רבי מרינוס משמו כל שנקראת על שמו היכי דמי אמר רב פפא דקרו ליה בי גרגותא דפלניא

in between.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because the two public places are still regarded as one. Hence he is penalised. ');">⁴</span>

יתיב רב אחא בר עויא קמיה דר' אסי ויתיב וקאמר משמיה דר' אסי בר חנינא חצובא מפסיק בנכסי הגר

Abaye said: Even if there is a <i>karmelith</i> between [he is not penalised], but not if there is. only a block [of wood].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Less than 10 handbreadths high and 4 broad. ');">⁵</span>

מאי חצובא אמר רב יהודה אמר רב שבו תיחם יהושע לישראל את הארץ

Raba said: Even if there is a block of wood between [he is not penalised]. Raba's view here [that such a block can form a partition] conforms with his other view that a 'place' in respect of Sabbath has the same meaning as a 'place' in respect of divorces.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If a man transfers his courtyard to his wife and then throws her a get into it and it lights on such a block, she is not divorced, because the block is not included in the courtyard transferred to the wife. Hence here he is not penalised. ');">⁶</span>

ואמר רב יהודה אמר רב לא מנה יהושע אלא עיירות העומדות על הגבולין

If there is no boundary nor cistus hedge [in the plain], what is the ruling?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' How far does the danger of uncleanness extend? [This is a quotation from Tosef., Toh. VII; v. Tosaf.] ');">⁷</span>

אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל כל שהראהו הקב"ה למשה חייב במעשר

— R. Merinus explained in his [R. Eliezer's] name that 'all to which his name is applied [is reckoned as one field].' How are we to understand this? — R. Papa said: If for instance people call it, 'The field of so-and-so's well.'

לאפוקי מאי לאפוקי קיני קניזי וקדמוני תניא רבי מאיר אומר נפתוחא ערבאה ושלמאה רבי יהודה אומר הר שעיר עמון ומואב רבי שמעון אומר ערדיסקיס אסיא ואספמיא:

As R. 'Aha b. Awia was once sitting in front of R. Assi, he laid down the following rule in the name of R. Assi b. Hanina: A cistus hedge forms a partition in the estate of a proselyte. What is a cistus hedge? — Rab Judah said in the name of Rab: The plant with which Joshua marked the boundaries of the land of Canaan for the Israelites.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the boundaries between the tribes, families and individuals. According to tradition, this plant was chosen for the purpose because its roots go straight down and do not spread on either side; hence neither neighbour could complain that the other was encroaching. ');">⁸</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> היו שנים מעידין אותו שאכלה שלש שנים ונמצאו זוממים משלמין לו את הכל שנים בראשונה שנים בשניה ושנים בשלישית

Rab Judah also said in the name of Rab: Joshua [in his book]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' According to the Talmud, Joshua was the author of the book which bears his name. V. supra 8a. ');">⁹</span> enumerated only the towns on the borders.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In Josh. XV-XIX. ');">¹⁰</span> Rab Judah said in the name of Samuel: All the land which God showed Moses<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' v. Deut. XXXIV, 1-3. ');">¹¹</span> is subject to [the obligation], of tithe. Which part of the land does this exclude?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., which part of the land promised to Abram (Gen. XV, 18-21) was not shown to Moses on Mount Nebo? ');">¹²</span> — It excludes the Kenite, the Kenizite and the Kadmonite. It has been taught: R. Meir says that [these are] the Nabateans, the Arabians and the Salmoeans.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tribes of North Arabia. ');">¹³</span> R. Eliezer says they are Mount Seir, Ammon and Moab. R. Simeon says they are Ardiskis, Asia and Aspamia.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Asia and Aspamia (Apamea) were names usually given to places in Asia Minor. But probably places nearer Palestine were meant. [V. Weinstein, Essaer, p. 18.] ');">¹⁴</span> <b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. IF TWO MEN TESTIFY THAT A CERTAIN MAN HAD THE USUFRUCT OF<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'ate'. ');">¹⁵</span> A PIECE OF LAND FOR THREE YEARS AND THEY ARE FOUND TO BE <i>ZOMEMIM</i>,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');">¹⁶</span> THEY MUST PAY TO THE CLAIMANT ALL [THAT HE STOOD TO LOSE THROUGH THEIR FALSE EVIDENCE].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., not only does he recover the land from the occupier, but the witnesses have to pay him the amount of money he stood to lose. ');">¹⁷</span> IF TWO [TESTIFY THAT THE OCCUPIER HAD THE USUFRUCT] FOR ONE YEAR, TWO FOR A SECOND YEAR, AND TWO FOR THE THIRD YEAR, [AND THEY ARE FOUND TO BE <i>ZOMEMIM</i>],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That is to say, if all are found to be false. ');">¹⁸</span>